年輕人就業難。老闆說：關鍵是「工作態度」

Eight in 10 employers rate attitude and good work ethic over skills to get a first job.
Having a good work ethic is more important than skills in securing a first job, according to a new study. Eight in ten employers rated attitudes to work as important when recruiting for 'entry level' posts, compared to just 38 per cent who named literacy and numeracy. The report from the Centre for Social Justice think-tank comes just days after business leaders branded many British youngsters too lazy and ill-educated to compete for jobs.

一項新研究顯示，在應聘第一份工作時，良好的工作觀比工作技能更重要。
十分之八的雇主認為在應聘初階職位時，工作態度很重要，相比之下，只有38%的雇主認為文字和數字能力很重要。英國智庫社會公正研究中心發佈這一報告數天前，曾有商界領袖批評許多英國年輕人太懶，教育程度太低，沒有就業競爭力。

They were responding to a plea from Work and Pensions Secretary Iain Duncan Smith’s to ‘give our young people a chance, and not fall back on labour from abroad’. The report found that poor work attitudes among the long-term jobless were the major barrier to tackling unemployment. It called for a fourth 'R' - responsibility - to be added to schools' traditional core subjects of reading, writing and arithmetic.

這份報名主要在回應就業與養老金大臣伊恩•鄧肯•史密斯提出的請求。史密斯希望“給英國的年輕人一個機會，不要依賴外來勞動力”。報告發現，在那些長期失業的人群中，惡劣的工作態度是他們解決失業問題的主要障礙。研究認為，應該把第四個R，即責任感（Responsibility），加入到學校的傳統核心課程（閱讀、寫作和算數）。

Asked why they turned down applicants for unskilled jobs in sectors like catering, manufacturing and retailing, 62 per cent of employers cited 'poor work attitude and ethic'. Bosses blamed 57 per cent on 'poor presentation', compared to just 29 per cent who complained of lack of academic skills. 'Entry level' jobs of this kind make up about one-third of the total UK workforce of 27 million, but many are taken by migrant workers, said the report.

有些行業像餐飲業、製造業和零售業等領域並不需要技術背景員工，但雇主還是不願雇用新人，62%的雇主稱是因為這些人“工作態度和職業道德欠佳”。57%的老闆們將求職者的失敗歸咎於“表現太差”，而只有29%的老闆們抱怨求職者學識不夠。該報告稱，英國大約有三分之一的勞動力（2700萬）從事的都是這種“初階”工作，但是許多這種工作崗位都被外來勞動力佔據了。

Around 80 per cent of the jobs created under Labour went to migrant workers, and official figures suggest the figure has risen since the coalition government took power last year. The CSJ report said: 'Many employers told us that they believe students should leave education 'work ready' and that currently too many students fall short.

80%勞工部創造的就業機會被外籍勞工取得，官方資料顯示，自從聯合政府去年掌權以來，這一數字還提高了。社會公正研究中心的報告稱：“許多雇主告訴我們說，他們認為學生在離開學校時就應該‘為工作做好準備’，但現在太多學生都無法滿足要求。

Timekeeping, self-awareness, confidence, presentation, communication, teamwork and an ability to understand workplace relationships are too often below the standard required, particularly in younger jobseekers. The education system needs to also focus on the fourth R, responsibility, enabling young people to take greater ownership over their future, to seek out the information that they need to make the right choices now, and to understand how their decisions today are likely to affect their future.

在準時、自覺、自信、表現、溝通、團隊合作和對職場關係的理解力這些方面，許多求職者都不符合要求，特別是一些年輕的求職者。教育體制需要加強責任感（R）教育，讓年輕人對自己的未來能有更大的自主權，找到他們現在做出正確選擇所需的資訊，讓他們理解自己今天做出的決定會如何影響自己的未來。

口語用字

fall back on:（在無其他辦法時）依靠…或求助於，沒有辦法只好…
fall back on這是一組好用的動詞片語 ，意思是困難時期可以依靠或者使用。有人說成是退而求其次，有點接近，但又不完全是。我在來看一個例句：

1. When I lost my sales job, luckily I had my accounting skills to fall back on and found a position in the finance department of a bigger company. 當我失去業務工作時，幸虧憑藉我的會計知識在更大的公司的財務部找到了一份工作。
2. I had to fall back on my savings when I was unemployed. 失業時我不得不動用我的積蓄。

fall short: 不符合標準（或要求）
Fall short 的意思是不足，達不到目的、要求和期望。The supply is falling short. 供给不足。如果是辜負某人期望、某事之需，fall short後面也可以加一個介系詞of。例如：

1. Your work falls short of my expectations. 你的工作沒有達到我的期望。
2. Her pay check falls short of her needs. 她薪資沒法滿足生活所需。