De-globalisation 去全球化／Aviation devastates 航空業寒冬

De-globalization 去全球化

從2020開年至今，部分世界大國持續籠罩在疫情中，不僅造成公衛系統崩潰，更嚴重打擊全球的工業科技產業鍊。擁有龐大勞工和技術資源的國家紛紛開始思考「在地生產」以減少技術依賴。或許「去全球化」將成為各大企業2021年的重點課題。

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protectionism（n.）保護貿易主義

localization（n.）本土化

supply chains（n.）供應鏈

re-shoring（n.）技術回流、轉移

self-sufficiency（n.）自給自足

Investment week：美國大選結果，或許加速「全球化時代」的終結

Protectionism and rising trade barriers have been a key feature of President Donald Trump's tenure in the White House, and there are fears that if he is re-elected, his economic policies could spell the end of globalization. The US may further reduce its support for the rules-based global order that it helped to build and he could further escalate the trade conflict with China. In addition, his ‘America First' agenda might possibly further weaken the international rules-based order.

The hindu：後疫情時代，印度7成企業將「在地生產」列為重點

With India Inc. on lockdown, businesses have taken a hit like never before. The majority of business leaders believe that De-globalization will be a business truth in post-pandemic world.  A study from India Feedback Consulting has tried to gauge the impact of COVID-19 through the survey. About 46% businesses are looking to focus more on employee engagement, 66% leaders feel localization will gain more prominence than ever before. Because of the pandemic, about 84% of the business leaders expect global supply chains to undergo a major realignment while digital/tech adoption would increase at a faster pace. 

Reuters：新冠肺炎加速美國企業轉移、重組產業鍊

U.S Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross predicted in January the pandemic would “help accelerate” this type of reshoring of jobs to the United States, while some policymakers even spoke of a wider retreat of globalization as companies deal with severed supply chains. From Washington to Wellington, politicians this year have preached self-sufficiency, urging firms to bring production home, particularly of “essential” products. 

Aviation devastates 航空業寒冬

因為疫情而被迫暫停的國際觀光，在各大航空業已造成嚴重影響。受到台灣人喜愛的廉航也傳出倒閉或資金週轉困難，究竟這波航空寒冬還會冷多久？世界恢復正常後，我們還剩下多少航空公司能選擇呢？

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slash（v.）削減

restructure（v.）重組

subsidiary（adj.）附屬的

economic turbulence（n.）經濟動盪

restriction（n.）限制

loan（n.）貸款

Bangkokpost：撐不住！香港國泰裁員8500人、港龍航空亦宣布終止營運

Across the globe, airlines have been hammered by the pandemic which has slashed international travel. They also face a long winter after a much-hoped-for rebound from the crisis failed to materialise. Meanwhile, Cathay published a corporate restructuring plan that will lead to thousands of job losses and one of its airlines closing down completely. The plan said 5,300 jobs would go among the airline's Hong Kong-based employees with a further 600 overseas. Cathay Dragon, a subsidiary that primarily flies shorter haul flights within Asia, will cease operations.

The Star：現金短缺，AirAsia高層：「需要至少20億令吉來確保2021年營運」

Like most airlines across the globe, AirAsia Group Bhd. having a tough time navigating out of the economic turbulence brought about by the coronavirus pandemic. It was nothing short of a nightmare when it had to ground 95% of its fleet at the peak of the pandemic in March after travel restrictions were enacted worldwide. The cash-strapped low-cost carrier now needs to raise around RM 2billion for it to be able to make it into 2021.

Nikkei Asia：日本龍頭航空—全日空(ANA)，2020年虧損近5,000億日圓

All Nippon Airways expects to post its worst-ever net loss of 500 billion yen ($4.74 billion) for fiscal 2020 as it suffers from a sharp decline in passengers due to the coronavirus pandemic. ANA is working on cost-cutting measures, including employee furloughs and cuts in board members' compensation, but the situation remains severe. Now ANA is considering taking out 400 billion yen in new loans to ease pressure.

本文收錄於英語島English Island 2020年11月號
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