跨文化衝突》處理衝突的5種策略

五種解決策略，什麼情況適用？

Competing 競爭

When there are emergencies or the issues are vital to the organization's survival.
有緊急狀況，或事關組織生存的狀況。

When the issues are important and certain actions need to be implemented.
事關重大，非得採取行動的情形。

E.g., cost cutting, enforcing unpopular rules.
必須採取不受歡迎手段的議題，如削減成本。

When the other is impossible to negotiate with or is taking advantage of your noncompetitive behavior.
難以和對方協商，或對方在佔你便宜的情況。

Collaborating 合作

When learning is the purpose.
E.g., testing your own assumptions, understanding the view of others
目的是學習的時候，例如，驗證自己的推論、想了解他人觀點。

To merge insights from people with different perspectives on a problem.
需要整合各方對問題的見解時。

To gain commitment by incorporating other's concerns into a consensual decision.
納入對方的考量，做出有共識決定，以得到支持、承諾。

When both sides' concerns are too important to compromise and a solution is needed.
雙方都有重要考量無法妥協，需要解決辦法時。

Avoiding 逃避

When an issue is trivial or when other more important issues are pressing.
問題無關緊要，或有更緊迫問題要處理。

To let people cool down to reduce tensions to a productive level.
需要冷靜( 雙方都有可能)、減低緊繃氣氛，回復生產力的時候。

Accommodating 讓步

When you realize that you are wrong.
發現自己錯了。

When maintaining harmony or cooperative relationship is especially important.
維持和諧或合作關係特別重要的時候。

When there is room for trial and error. Especially when it helps with managerial development of subordinates.
有嘗試錯誤的空間，特別是有助於下屬發展管理能力時。

Compromising 妥協

When both sides have equal power and insist on exclusive goals, but still want to maintain harmony.
雙方勢均力敵又各持己見，但仍希望維持和諧關係的狀況。

To achieve an imperfect but acceptable settlements when under time pressure.
在時間壓力下，達成不完美但可接受的協議。

As a backup when collaboration or competition don't succeed.
合作或競爭無效時的備案。

本文收錄於一張圖搞懂 跨文化力 2017年6月號

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