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你寫的email太正式還是太不正式?
其實正式和非正式比語感來得單純,在慢慢培養語感之前,先抓到幾個關鍵,搭配這裡幫同學整理的對照表,一點都不需要擔心太正式或不夠正式的問題:
一. 用字「難」還是「簡單」?
來看這兩句話
- I have to apologize that….
- Sorry that…..
不難判斷第一句比較正式。判斷正式和非正式的第一個準則就是你選了簡單的字還是難的字。apologize難,比較正式,sorry簡單,就不那麼正式。比較以下這些字,不難判斷哪種用法正式:
正式 |
非正式 |
中文解釋 |
Nevertheless |
anyways |
無論如何/不管怎樣 |
Therefore |
So |
因此 |
In addition |
Also |
而且 |
acceptable |
Okay, OK |
可接受 |
however |
but |
然而 |
二. 動詞用了「片語」還是「單字」
別人問你同不同意一件事,你要想一想,可能會這樣回答:
- Give me time to consider.
- I'll think about it.
比起來第一句就更正式。片語think about相較於單字consider更口語。正式語言多用單字,非正式用片語。來看更多的例子:
正式 |
非正式 |
中文解釋 |
substitute |
fill in |
職位代理 |
increase/decrease |
go up/go down |
增加/減少 |
handle |
deal with |
處理 |
omit |
leave out |
刪掉 |
cause |
bring out |
造成 |
require |
need to |
需要 |
discover |
find out |
發現 |
establish |
set up |
設立 |
represent |
stand for |
代表 |
arrive |
show up |
到達 |
三. 是不是用很多簡寫?
要人儘快回覆,正式語言會不憚其煩用as soon as possible,但非正式會直接用ASAP,熟人之間的溝通會用很多像BTW(by the way),FYI (for your information)、Plz (Please)、THX(thanks)之類的表達。
四. 正式句子長,非正式句子短:
正式Could you please let me know if you are available for a meeting on 12th April?
非正式Can you get back to me ASAP?
五. 一表搞定
|
正式 |
非正式 |
稱謂 |
Dear Mr./Ms./Mrs. Johnson, Dear Jane, |
Hi/Hello Jane, Jane, |
提醒 |
Thank you for your email of… Further to your last email… |
Thanks for your email. Re your email…. |
為什麼寫 |
I am writing with regard to… In reply to your email, here are… Your name was given to me by… |
Just a short note about…. I'm writing about…. Please note that…. |
主要訊息 |
We are able to confirm that… I'm delighted to tell you that… We regret to inform you that… |
We can confirm that… Good news! Unfortunately…. |
附件 |
Please find the attached file. I am sending you …as a PDF file. |
I've attached…. Here is the ….you wanted. |
要求 |
I'd be grateful if you could…. I wonder if you could…. |
Can you…. Could you…. |
承諾 |
I will investigate the matter. I will contact you again shortly. |
I'll look into it. I'll get back to you soon. |
信末 |
Best regards (謹此致意) Regards/ Kind regards (致意) |
Cheers Speak soon |
文/ 世界公民文化中心學 教學實驗室
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