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【News Takeaway】極度疲憊和職業倦怠：是如何發生的，又該如何應對
Extreme exhaustion and burnout: How it happens and what to do about it
極度疲憊和職業倦怠：是如何發生的，又該如何應對
來源：BBC
難度：4
閱讀時間：4.5
有超過三分之一的成年人認為他們大部分的時間（或者所有的時候）都感到疲勞，關於職業倦怠的診斷率現在更是達到歷史最高。職業倦怠不只是身心疲憊，它是種症狀非常具體的綜合症，除了精力和效率降低，還伴隨著出現憤世嫉俗的態度。這股倦怠到底是怎麼形成的？該怎樣去應對？
By David Robson
More than a third of adults report feeling fatigue most or all of the time, while diagnoses of burnout are at an all-time high.
超過三分之一的成年人反映他們多數時候或是一直都感到疲勞，而倦怠的診斷率也達到歷史最高水準。
Our anxieties around energy – and over-expending our reserves – are timeless. There's a lot of evidence that people have worried about exhaustion, and its causes, all the way back to ancient China.
我們對於能量不足的擔憂，以及對於能量儲備過度透支的焦慮，是永恒存在 的。有大量證據表明，早在古代中國，人們就疲憊及其產生的原因感到擔憂。
Burnout, in contrast, is a syndrome with very specific symptoms. It is defined as an occupational malaise that manifests in reduced energy and efficacy, combined with a more cynical attitude. If exhaustion is a spectrum, then burnout is at the sharp end of the spectrum. Some people with burnout can feel completely incapacitated.
相較之下，職業倦怠是一種有著非常具體症狀的綜合征。它被定義為一種職業 不適，表現為精力和效率下降，並伴隨著更加憤世嫉俗的態度。如果說疲勞有一個程度範圍，那麽職業倦怠就處於這個範圍的最極端。有些倦怠的人會感覺完全喪失能力。
In the past, the boundaries between work and leisure were more clearly drawn, but now, with modern technology we're always connected. This means that our thoughts revolve around work all the time.
過去，工作和休閒之間的界限更加清晰，但是現在，隨著現代技術的發展，我們時刻保持著聯繫。這意味著我們的思緒始終圍繞著工作。
There is a proven correlation between perfectionism and burnout. If we have unrealistically high expectations of what we should achieve, and if we judge our work very harshly, then we are much more likely to burn out.
事實證明，完美主義和職業倦怠之間存在相關性。如果我們對自己應該實現的目標抱有不切實際的高期望，並且非常嚴厲的批判自己的工作那麽就更容易感到精疲力盡。
It's very important gradually to build up other sources of meaning and joy and pleasure in our lives, so that work is not all we have. A good idea can be to take a hobby. They should be activities that are completely free from a competitive ethos or drive for enhanced productivity. A hobby's sole purpose should be to give us pleasure.
在生活中逐漸建立其他意義、樂趣和愉悅感非常重要，這樣工作就不會是我們所擁有的一切。培養一項嗜好就是個好主意。它們應該是完全不受競爭精神影響，也不由提高生產率驅動的活動。嗜好的唯一目的應該是帶給我們快樂。
關鍵字解析
at an all-time high 歷史最高
The stock market is currently at an all-time high.
目前股市正處於歷史新高。
over-expend 過度支出
The company had to cut costs after over-expending on their last project.
由於上個項目過度支出，公司不得不削減成本。
malaise 身體不適；萎靡；心神不寧;（尤指對社會的）不滿，無奈
He felt a sense of malaise and couldn't work properly.
他感到精神萎靡，無法正常工作
efficacy 功效
The efficacy of the new drug is still being studied.
新藥的療效目前仍在研究中。
cynical 憤世嫉俗的
His cynical attitude towards politics is well-known.
眾所周知他對政治憤世嫉俗的態度。
the sharp end最難之處、在最前線
A role like his would be too intense for most people, but he thrives on being at the sharp end.
對大多數人來說，像他這樣的角色太過緊繃，但他卻因處於尖端而茁壯成長。
clearly drawn boundaries 明確的界限
It's important to have clearly drawn boundaries in any relationship.
在任何關係中明確劃定界線都很重要。
a proven correlation 已被證實的相關性
There is a proven correlation between smoking and lung cancer.
吸煙和肺癌之間存在已被證實有相關性。
perfectionism 完美主義
Her perfectionism often causes her stress.
她的完美主義常常帶給自己壓力。
ethos 精神特質，價值觀
The school promotes an ethos of inclusivity and diversity.
學校倡導包容性和多元的精神。