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哪裡不一樣—— Reason VS. Cause
哪裡不一樣—— Maintain VS. Remain
哪裡不一樣—— Question VS. Problem
哪裡不一樣—— Reply VS. Response
哪裡不一樣—— Empathy VS. Sympathy
哪裡不一樣—— Effective VS. Efficient
哪裡不一樣—— Duty VS. Responsibility
哪裡不一樣—— Data VS. Information
哪裡不一樣—— Assure VS. Ensure VS. Insure
哪裡不一樣—— Common VS. Normal VS. Ordinary
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抓住臨場感—現在式Present Tense
請先閱讀以下段落：
Jack Torrance wants to pursue a career in writing (1). He is now moving into Overlook Hotel with his wife, Wendy, and his son, Danny (2) because he has accepted a job as the winter caretaker for the hotel (3) while it is closed during the winter season. Jack has been looking forward to spending more time on writing after they are settled (4).
Jack Torrance想要成為一位職業作家，他現在正帶著妻子Wendy及兒子Danny一起住進了全景飯店，因為他應徵上了冬季管理員的職缺，而飯店則固定在冬季關閉。Jack一直很期待能在安頓下來之後花更多時間寫作。
現在四時態時間軸
(1) 現在簡單式
用來表示人事物現在的狀況、習慣動作或感受，也常用來描述不變的真理或普遍認知的事實。
(2) 現在進行式
最常用來描述正在發生的動作，也可用於不是正在發生、但已經持續一段時間的動作，並且還是會重複發生。
(3) 現在完成式
描述過去的某個動作到現在已經完成，或是還有可能繼續持續下去。
(4) 現在完成進行式
描述過去某個動作持續到現在，而且現在還在持續下去。
現在簡單式 Simple Present
Jack Torrance wants to pursue a career in writing.
Jack Torrance想要成為一位職業作家。
Tip: 表示現在的「狀態」
Be動詞
I am
He/She/It + is
We/You/They are
一般動詞
I/We/You/They +原形動詞
He/She/It +原形動詞-s/-es/-ies
Practice
1. My wife doesn’t _______ being alone.
我的太太不介意自己一個人。
2. There ______ not a lot of work to do around here.
這裡並沒有太多工作需要做。
解答
1. mind
2. is
現在進行式 Present Continuous
He is now moving into Overlook Hotel with his wife, Wendy, and his son, Danny.
他現在正帶著妻子Wendy及兒子Danny一起住進了全景飯店。
Tip: 強調「正在進行」的動作
I am
He/She/It + is +V-ing
We/You/They are
Practice
1. Danny is ______ around in the hallways.
Danny正在走廊上跑來跑去。
2. ____ is snowing! Let’s go outside.
現在正在下雪呢！我們去外面吧。
解答
1. running
2. It
現在完成式 Present Perfect
He has accepted a job as the winter caretaker for the hotel.
他應徵上了冬季管理員的職缺。
Tip: 表示已經應徵上了，現在持續下去
I have
He/She/It + has +過去分詞
We/You/They have
Practice
1. He has ______ drinking for 10 months now.
他已經戒酒十個月了。
2. There ______ been something weird going on here.
這裡從以前到現在都發生了一些怪事。
解答
1. quit
2. has
現在完成進行式 Present Perfect Continuous
Jack has been looking forward to spending more time on writing once they are settled.
Jack一直很期待能在安頓下來之後花更多時間寫作。
Tip: 表示從過去到現在都很期待，而且正持續下去
I have
He/She/It + has +been+V-ing
We/You/They have
Practice
1. I have ______ trying to focus on my work for months.
我這幾個月來一直試圖專注在我的創作上。
2. Jack ______ been feeling well lately.
Jack最近一直感覺不太舒服。
解答
1. been
2. hasn’t
文、企劃/馬婉娟、詹益昀、黃煒齡
設計/倪子濟
本文收錄於英語島English Island 2021年2月號
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