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哪裡不一樣—— Reason VS. Cause
哪裡不一樣—— Maintain VS. Remain
哪裡不一樣—— Question VS. Problem
哪裡不一樣—— Reply VS. Response
哪裡不一樣—— Empathy VS. Sympathy
哪裡不一樣—— Effective VS. Efficient
哪裡不一樣—— Duty VS. Responsibility
哪裡不一樣—— Data VS. Information
哪裡不一樣—— Assure VS. Ensure VS. Insure
哪裡不一樣—— Common VS. Normal VS. Ordinary
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你寫的email太正式還是太不正式？
其實正式和非正式比語感來得單純，在慢慢培養語感之前，先抓到幾個關鍵，搭配這裡幫同學整理的對照表，一點都不需要擔心太正式或不夠正式的問題：
一. 用字「難」還是「簡單」?
來看這兩句話
- I have to apologize that….
- Sorry that…..
不難判斷第一句比較正式。判斷正式和非正式的第一個準則就是你選了簡單的字還是難的字。apologize難，比較正式，sorry簡單，就不那麼正式。比較以下這些字，不難判斷哪種用法正式：
|
正式 |
非正式 |
中文解釋 |
|
Nevertheless |
anyways |
無論如何/不管怎樣 |
|
Therefore |
So |
因此 |
|
In addition |
Also |
而且 |
|
acceptable |
Okay, OK |
可接受 |
|
however |
but |
然而 |
二. 動詞用了「片語」還是「單字」
別人問你同不同意一件事，你要想一想，可能會這樣回答：
- Give me time to consider.
- I'll think about it.
比起來第一句就更正式。片語think about相較於單字consider更口語。正式語言多用單字，非正式用片語。來看更多的例子：
|
正式 |
非正式 |
中文解釋 |
|
substitute |
fill in |
職位代理 |
|
increase/decrease |
go up/go down |
增加/減少 |
|
handle |
deal with |
處理 |
|
omit |
leave out |
刪掉 |
|
cause |
bring out |
造成 |
|
require |
need to |
需要 |
|
discover |
find out |
發現 |
|
establish |
set up |
設立 |
|
represent |
stand for |
代表 |
|
arrive |
show up |
到達 |
三. 是不是用很多簡寫？
要人儘快回覆，正式語言會不憚其煩用as soon as possible，但非正式會直接用ASAP，熟人之間的溝通會用很多像BTW(by the way)，FYI (for your information)、Plz (Please)、THX(thanks)之類的表達。
四. 正式句子長，非正式句子短：
正式Could you please let me know if you are available for a meeting on 12th April?
非正式Can you get back to me ASAP?
五. 一表搞定
|
|
正式 |
非正式 |
|
稱謂 |
Dear Mr./Ms./Mrs. Johnson, Dear Jane, |
Hi/Hello Jane, Jane, |
|
提醒 |
Thank you for your email of… Further to your last email… |
Thanks for your email. Re your email…. |
|
為什麼寫 |
I am writing with regard to… In reply to your email, here are… Your name was given to me by… |
Just a short note about…. I'm writing about…. Please note that…. |
|
主要訊息 |
We are able to confirm that… I'm delighted to tell you that… We regret to inform you that… |
We can confirm that… Good news! Unfortunately…. |
|
附件 |
Please find the attached file. I am sending you …as a PDF file. |
I've attached…. Here is the ….you wanted. |
|
要求 |
I'd be grateful if you could…. I wonder if you could…. |
Can you…. Could you…. |
|
承諾 |
I will investigate the matter. I will contact you again shortly. |
I'll look into it. I'll get back to you soon. |
|
信末 |
Best regards (謹此致意) Regards/ Kind regards (致意) |
Cheers Speak soon |
文/ 世界公民文化中心學 教學實驗室
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