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「服務他人是你住地球應該付出的租金。」– 穆罕默德‧阿里 (拳擊手)
"Service to others is the rent you pay for your room here on earth." -- Muhammad Ali, Boxer
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英語島Newsletter
天天閱讀英語島,在這裡感知世界,汲取英文的養分。
 

閱讀測驗離不開的5種結構-3

description 描述結構描述事物、特色

幫助讀者對於主題有具體了解的特色描述或是範例,像是描繪顏色、聲音、觸感,都屬於這種結構,常見的就是for instance, for example, such as。



閱讀重點:
文章形容的人、事、物是什麼?
為什麼被形容?有一個或一個以上的事件或人物被討論到嗎?
有範例嗎?範例支持了哪些論述?

範例文章:

An office environment provides space for people to work that has a mixture of workspaces, including, private offices, cubicles, and open-plan. Layouts not only vary from workplace to workplace, but they have also evolved substantially over time. These days, you’re more likely to have a greater proportion of the latter two types than the former, based on the needs and budgets of each company.

訊號字signal words:
including
as
describes
e.g.,
features include
for example
for instance
for one thing
such as
to illustrate

 

sequence 順序結構:強調內容的先後順序、流程

闡明時間、空間、邏輯順序的文意,能夠幫助讀者理解事情的流程跟步驟。

閱讀重點:

順序是怎麼排列的?包含時間、邏輯、步驟

各順序的細節是什麼?

這些順序有規律嗎?

 

常用開場句:
There’re several steps to this process. The first is ____________.
這流程有很多步驟,首先…
In the beginning, ____________.
一開始…
In their recent work, ____________.
在他們最近的作品中…

 

常用總結句:

From the beginning to end, ____________.
從頭至尾…
The process showed the five steps for ____________.
這流程展現了…的五個步驟

 

範例文章:

Office layouts first consisted of private offices for employees in high positions, enabling them to work in private. Other employees worked in an open-plan office, essentially a large room with rows of desks. Then in the 1960s, the cubicle was introduced. Arranging desks into ‘cubes’ allowed even more desks to fit into the same area, while low walls or partitions around each desk gave employees a sense of privacy. Finally, hot-desking appeared in the 1980s; rather than permanent office desks for each employee, these were substituted with a lower number of temporary desks on a first-come, first-serve basis.

 

訊號字signalwords:

first
then
finally
as soon as
at this point
at last
during
early
eventually
former
how to
immediately
in order
in the future
in the meantime
new
next
sequence
shortly
until
when
while

 

內容節錄自一張圖搞懂6月號 訂閱雜誌

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